Understanding the Use of Lintels in Construction
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A lintel is a beam placed across the openings like doors, windows etc. in buildings to support the load from the structure above. The width of lintel beam is equal to the width of wall, and the ends of it is built into the wall. Lintels are classified based on their material of construction.
A lintel in construction is a type of beam that spans across openings like doors, windows, or other architectural openings. It is positioned horizontally to bear load and support the weight of the structure above the opening. Lintels are designed to distribute the load evenly to ensure structural integrity by preventing the collapsing of the frames around the opening. Lintels are made using various materials such as steel, concrete, wood, or bricks based on the specific structural requirements.
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Lintel Dimensions
The standard lintel beam height can be treated as the height between the floor level and lintel level. As per building codes and regulations the standard height of lintel beam is adopted as 7 feet for residential buildings and 7.5 feet for commercial buildings.
Usually designs of lintel beams are not preferred by designers or planners. Their dimensions can be determined by adopting a rule of thumb. As specified earlier in this blog, the width of a lintel beam is the same as the width of the wall on which it is being placed. The length is equal to the size of the opening space plus bearing length on both sides. Its height can be taken to be between one twelfth and one eighth of its length or a minimum of 100mm.
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Uses of Lintel
The main aim of the lintel is to transfer weights from the wall directly above the doorway to the side walls or the support of a stone pillar.
The lintel serves as a safety measure for the doors and windows as well.
In masonry constructions, continuous lintels may offer support against lateral loads like wind or earthquakes.
Lintels may be used to support the chimney above the fires.
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The canopy components may be supported by a lintel.
By choosing ornamental lintels, a building’s architectural attractiveness can be improved. Lintel architecture should be this situation’s main focus.
Lintels could be able to hold a short route. It may be called a lintel bridge.
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Types of Lintel
Different types of lintels are used in building construction. Lintel uses depend on the needs of the building construction. The main types of lintels are listed below:
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Steel lintels
They are used when the wall openings are wide and the structural loads are heavy. Also, steel lintels are a reliable choice for their structural integrity. However, lintel steels are more susceptible to rust. The average price for galvanised steel lintel stands at Rs 75 with a width size of 115-230 mm and a length of 1-3 feet.
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Stone lintels
These are popular for building structures because of their abundance. However, they are more susceptible to earthquakes. Using stone lintels enhances a building’s beauty but are costly and difficult to transport due to their heavy load.
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Wood lintels
Timber lintels are used in mountain areas where timber is readily available. Since wood is not fire-proof, it is an expensive choice and less durable in comparison to steel or concrete.
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Concrete lintels
These are used for their strength, load-bearing capacity, and fire resistance. Their adaptability to different shapes and sizes is their biggest advantage. Moreover, they are an economical choice. The price range for a concrete lintel block varies from Rs 20-55 depending upon its quality.
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Brick lintels
Brick lintels are commonly used in buildings with light loading. However, in case of heavy loading, reinforced brick lintels can be used as they provide more tensile strength to the building than brick lintels.
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